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Exercise library / Barbell Bulgarian Split Squat

Barbell Bulgarian Split Squat

Suggestions, not prescriptions. Exercises here pass automated checks. They have not been clinically reviewed, and no exercise is right for everyone. Adjust to your comfort and ability.

A more challenging exercise. Make it a goal if you like. “Show alternatives” below lists easier steps toward it.

A single-leg squat with the rear foot raised on a bench and a barbell held across the upper back. The heavy, unilateral load works the quadriceps and glutes of the front leg and challenges balance and hip mobility.

Main focus
Strength
Level
Advanced
Equipment
Barbell, A bench, A squat rack or stands
Load
Free weight
Stability
Unstable: single leg, suspended or on a ball
Balance type
Dynamic balance, Stepping balance

Keep something steady within reach: a counter, wall or sturdy chair.

Before you start
  • Warm up first with a minute or two of easy walking or marching in place, and cool down the same way after.
  • Wear flat, closed shoes with a good grip, or go barefoot on a non-slip floor if that feels steady to you.
  • Clear the floor around you. Keep a sturdy chair, counter or wall within reach for any move you do standing.
  • Build up slowly. Add repetitions or minutes over weeks, not days. If you take a break, work back up gradually.

Talk with a doctor or physical therapist before you start if you have not been active for some time, if you have a health condition or a worry about exercise, if you have fallen or fear falling, or if a clinician has told you to limit activity. This library is general information, not medical advice.

What you need

A barbell and plates. For squats, presses and anything over your head, a rack or stands with safety catches set at the right height, or a spotter who knows the lift.

How to do it

  1. Set a barbell across the upper back and stand about two feet in front of a flat bench, facing away from it.
  2. Place the top of one foot on the bench behind you, with the front foot far enough forward to keep the shin close to vertical when you lower.
  3. Brace the trunk and lower the back knee toward the floor by bending the front hip and knee.
  4. Descend until the front thigh is about parallel to the floor, keeping the chest up.
  5. Drive through the middle of the front foot to return to the start.
  6. Complete the repetitions on one leg, then switch.

How much

No amount is given; use your own programming.

How it should feel: The muscles you are working should feel the effort. The last repetitions should be hard but controlled, never shaky or painful.

Make it easier

Use the other ways to do this movement below.

Make it harder

Use the other ways to do this movement below.

Tips

  • Keep most of the weight on the front leg; the back foot is only there for balance.
  • Keep the front knee tracking over the toes and the torso upright.
  • Use a lighter load than in a regular back squat, and set up the bar and a safe way to drop it before you step into position.

Safety

  • Warm up first, and keep your breathing steady. Breathe out on the effort and in as you ease off. Do not hold your breath.
  • Move with control. Do not lock your joints straight at the end of a movement.
  • Choose a version, load and number of repetitions you can finish with good form. The last few should feel hard but not shaky.
  • Begin with the empty bar or very light weight and add weight in small steps.
More safety notes
  • Use collars on the bar, and keep the floor around you clear.
  • Set the safety catches or stand with a spotter so that if you cannot finish a repetition you can put the bar down safely.
  • If you are new to the lift, ask a qualified coach or trainer to check your form.
  • Keep your back long and neutral. Do not round your lower back under load.
  • Brace your abdominal muscles gently before you lift and keep the load close to your body.
  • Use a lighter load until your form is steady, and add weight slowly.
  • Keep stable support within reach, such as a counter, rack or wall, until the movement feels steady.
  • Clear the floor around you and wear shoes with a good grip.
  • Go slowly, and make the movement smaller if you feel unsteady.

When to stop

  • Stop and rest if you feel dizzy or lightheaded, sick to your stomach, or unusually short of breath.
  • Stop if you feel sharp, sudden or joint pain. Muscles working hard is expected. Pain is a signal to stop.
  • Stop and sit down if you feel unsteady and cannot settle yourself right away.
  • Call your local emergency number for chest pain or pressure, fainting, or sudden weakness, numbness or trouble speaking.
  • After any of these, do not repeat the exercise until you have talked with a doctor or physical therapist.
  • You cannot complete a repetition with good form. Lower the bar to the catches or the floor and stop.
  • You feel your lower back round or your form break down.
  • You feel pain in your lower back, or your back rounds and you cannot correct it.
  • You feel pain, tingling or numbness that spreads into a leg.
  • You feel unsteady and support does not settle you.
  • You feel dizzy or lightheaded.

Other ways to do this movement

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Where this comes from

Steps and tips are from an open exercise dataset named below. Starting amounts, equipment and safety notes are Fitafter50's general guidance. Nothing here is clinically reviewed.

Steps and tips: Exercise data by RepDB (repdb.co). License: RepDB Free Tier License v1.0: personal or commercial use inside applications, visible attribution, no redistribution as a dataset or API. All credits.

    This is general information, not medical advice. It does not diagnose anything or tell you whether an exercise is right for you. Adjust to your comfort and ability.